Free Online Virtual High Schools 101

A free online high school is a program that allows students to study through the internet without paying tuition. Free online high schools are considered public schools. In some states, they may be run by the states department of education. In other states, free online high schools are administrated by local school districts or by private organizations that receive permission by forming charter schools. While some free online high schools only offer a few courses, many provide students the opportunity to earn an entire high school diploma. Do Free Online High Schools Offer Legitimate Diplomas? The short answer is: yes. Free only high schools can award graduates diplomas that are the same as diplomas from traditional brick-and-mortar schools. However, many free online high schools are new and are still trying to become properly accredited. Whenever a new school (traditional or virtual) begins accepting students for enrollment, it must go through an accreditation process to prove that it offers a high-quality education. The process can take some time and a school is not guaranteed to receive accreditation. Before enrolling, you can check a free online high schools accreditation status here. If the school is not accredited, you may encounter trouble transferring to another program or having your credits accepted by a college after graduation. Are Free Online High Schools Easier Than Traditional High Schools? As a general rule, free online high schools are not easier than traditional online high schools. Different schools have different curricula and instructors. Some free online high schools may be more difficult than their traditional counterparts, while others may be easier. Some students tend to thrive in the self-paced, independent atmosphere that online high schools provide. Others have an extremely difficult time trying to navigate their assignments and study without the face-to-face assistance offered by teachers in traditional programs. Can Adults Enroll in Free Online High Schools? As public programs, free online high schools are designed for teenagers. While the rules vary from state to state, most free online high schools do not permit older adults to enroll. Some programs will accept students that are in their early twenties or younger. Older students interested in earning an online high school diploma may want to consider private online high school programs. These programs do charge tuition; however many are targeted to older learners and offer students the possibility of earning a diploma at an accelerated speed. Who Funds Free Online High Schools? Free online high schools are funded in the same way as traditional high schools: with local, state, and federal tax funds. Can Free Online High School Graduates Enroll in College? Yes. Just like traditional high school graduates, online high school graduates may apply to and enroll in colleges. College administrators look for the same types of grades, activities, and recommendations as they do for traditional graduates. Some online high schools offer different tracks for students depending on their academic preparedness and their desire to either attend college or learn a trade. Students that plan to attend college should enroll in college preparatory classes and should find out what courses their desired college requires of new freshmen. Additionally, college-minded students should make sure that their free online high school is properly accredited and is in good standing with the accrediting organizations. Can My Teenager Enroll in Any Free Online High School? No. Because online high schools are usually partially funded by local taxes, schools are location-specific. For example, a high school student from Dallas, Texas could not enroll in a free online high school funded by Los Angeles, California school districts. Students are only permitted to enroll in programs that are designated for their state or city. In some cases, students must live within a particular school district in order to enroll in a particular online high school. Additionally, some online high schools are only open to students that regularly attend traditional schools that the online program contracts with. Can My Teenager Enroll in a Free Online High School While Traveling Abroad? Because of the stringent residency requirements, enrolling in a free online high school while abroad can be a bit challenging. Generally, if students are retaining their American citizenship, they will still have a home state. If the parents remain in the U.S., the student may enroll in free online high schools permitted by the parents address. If the whole family is traveling abroad, residency may be determined by their mailing address or P.O. Box. Individual schools may have their own requirements. How Do I Find a Free Online High School? To find a program for your area, check out the About.com state-by-state list of free online high schools.

The Epic Poem - Beowulf Essay - 2255 Words

Beowulf is an epic poem. Why? Because (1) it is a long narrative work that relates the adventures of a great hero and (2) it reflects the values of the Anglo-Saxon society in which it was written prior to 1000AD. This Old English poem in unrhymed, four-beat alliterative style narrates, through the course of about 3200 verses, the bold killing of two monsters, Grendel and his Mother, and a fire-dragon, as well as numerous other brave deeds in lesser detail, by Beowulf, â€Å"the strongest of men alive in that day, mighty and noble,† â€Å"the good Geat.† Roberta Frank in â€Å"The Beowulf Poet’s Sense of History† sees the hero as â€Å"the synthesis of religious and heroic idealism† (Frank 59). Professor Tolkien in Beowulf: The Monsters and†¦show more content†¦George Clark in Beowulf says: â€Å"As far as one can tell from the evidence of archaeology and the poem’s sometimes ambiguous details, the material culture of the poem’s actors and audience can hardly be distinguished† (Clark 49). This culture manifested strong ties of loyalty between members of one’s family. The family formed a circle of protection and loyalty, a nd was duty-bound to avenge a member’s death. Feuds between families, clans, tribes and nations were passed down from generation to generation until revenge was effected. Consider Beowulf’s revenge of the murder of Heardred, son of Hygelac, by the sons of Othere. And the awaited revenge on the Geats by the Swedes in retaliation for Wulf and Eofor’s killing of Ongentheow. Hygelac, going â€Å"to the land of the Frisians, attacked the Hetware,† provoking a feud between the Geats on one side and the Franks, Frisians and Mereovingians on the other side. It caused considerable personal discomfort/grief when an unnatural death could not be avenged: When Hygelac’s sibling, Herebeald, was killed accidentally by a brother, Haethcyn, it sickened the family: â€Å"Weary it is to the heart: that prince lost his life – unavenged.† Not only was one’s â€Å"kin† bound to avenge past wrongs, but the family/nation was obliged to repay o utstanding debts of members or former members. In Beowulf after the hero with fourteen Geat warriors arrive at Herot, Hrothgar publicly recognizes Beowulf’sShow MoreRelatedBeowulf As An Epic Poem1940 Words   |  8 PagesBeowulf as an Epic Poem Beowulf is a legendary Old English poem believed to have been written in the eighth or ninth century. Though its origin is unclear and its author is unknown this poem has continued through time. Portions of the original transcript have been lost with the passing of time and many translations of the work have been made. Each version of the work one aspect has remained the same, its hero. In all versions of the poem the hero is characterized by his impressive strength, braveryRead MoreEpic Poem Beowulf 805 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf is Ð °n Ð °mÐ °zing, epic poem with greÐ °t quests Ð °nd epic fight scenes throughout the story. It Ð °lso hÐ °d mÐ °ny depressing Ð °nd sÐ °d moment plÐ °ced in the poem. In this poem it hÐ °s mÐ °ny recurring themes plÐ °ced by the Ð °uthor. One of the centrÐ °l themes of Beowulf, embodied by its title chÐ °rÐ °cter, is feÐ °lty. Ð °t every step of his cÐ °reer, feÐ °lty is Beowulf s guiding virtue. FeÐ °lthy meÐ °ns Ð ° feu dÐ °l tenÐ °nts or vÐ °ssÐ °ls sworn loyÐ °lty to Ð ° lord. There were mÐ °ny greÐ °t exÐ °mples of feÐ °lty in the epic poem BeowulfRead MoreThe Epic Poem Beowulf 3048 Words   |  13 Pages Given, the current high profile debate with regard to dating the epic poem Beowulf, it is quite surprising that some scholars go as far as placing it during the Vendel era around 550 - 793 CE. Eventhough it is considered as a kind of folk tale, many are those who believe it happened towards the early Vendel era. As a rebuttal to this point, it might be convincingly argued that this period is also referred to as the Germanic Iron Age. Moreover, this era saw the rise of Norse mythology, which is veryRead MoreThe Epic Poem Beowulf 3137 Words   |  13 Pages11 Given, the current high profile debate with regard to dating the epic poem Beowulf, it is quite surprising that some scholars go as far as placing it during the Vendel era around 550 - 793 CE. Eventhough it is considered as a kind of folk tale, many are those who believe it happened towards the early Vendel era. As a rebuttal to this point, it might be?convincingly argued?that this period is also referred to as the Germanic Iron Age. Moreover, this era saw the rise of Norse mythology, whichRead More Epic of Beowulf Essay - An Epic Poem1656 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf:   An Epic Poem   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To qualify as an epic poem, Beowulf reflects the values of the culture in which it was created. The Anglo-Saxon culture and the poem share many of the same values. They shared a heroic ideal that included loyalty, strength, courage, courtesy, and generosity. Like all epic poems Beowulf is a long narrative work that tells the adventures of a great hero and also reflects the values of the society in which it was written. Both Beowulf and the Anglo-Saxons believedRead MoreBeowulf Is The Longest Epic Poem1316 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf is the longest epic poem written in Old English. The story centers around the exploits of Beowulf, a heroic warrior known for his strength and bravery. The theme of heroism is prevalent throughout the poem through the use of conflict between good and evil forces. Beowulf is often engaged in selfless conquests in the pursuit of saving others, resulting in his emergence as the hero of the story. The text, while focusing on the main th eme of heroism, is divided into two main parts, Beowulf asRead MoreThe Epic Scale Of The Poem Beowulf 2968 Words   |  12 PagesThe Anglo-Saxon story of Beowulf, as it appears in the version written by an unknown author in the early Middle Ages, is unique as a rare surviving example of epic poetry in the English tradition. In this paper, I will show the qualities that make Beowulf an epic, and I will explain the significance of the epic scale of the poem by looking at the battles that take place in the story. The three great beasts that Beowulf has to defeat represent the fears of the Danes about the uncontrollable violenceRead MoreBeowulf Is The Longest Epic Poem1239 Words   |  5 Pages Beowulf is the longest epic poem written in old english ever published. The composition centres around the exploits of Beowulf, a heroic warrior known for his strength and bravery. Themes of heroism are prevalent in the famous piece of literature in relation to its noble protagonist. The poem follows an adventurous plot containing conflict between both good and evil forces. Beowulf is often engaged in selfless conquests in the pursuit of saving others from evil forces, resulting in his emergenceRead MoreHow Beowulf Is An Epic Poem934 Words   |  4 PagesTo Leave a Footprint Beowulf is an epic poem written 1000 to 1300 years ago in Old English and translated by Seamus Heaney into Modern English. Beowulf is a significant piece of literature art work not only because it is one of the earliest known works, but also because it reflects and represents the authors, the Anglo-Saxons’ culture and values. At first, this story was passed around orally, from one person to another. Then, later on, the Anglo-Saxons wrote the entire story down into a manuscriptRead MoreBeowulf And The Anglo Saxon Epic Poem, Beowulf1637 Words   |  7 Pages In the Anglo-Saxon epic poem, Beowulf, a myriad of virtues define the warrior Beowulf. Coming from his homeland, Geatland, he arrives in the land of the Danes resolute in helping King Hrothgar defeat an evil monster, Grendel. Beowulf is an impressive, strong warrior who will triumphantly defeat Grendel; moreover, he will demonstrate how one must seek glory before death, a legacy. A man’s reputation and his lineage i s exceedingly important in the patriarchal society Beowulf lives in. Consequently

My Academic Autobiography Essay Example For Students

My Academic Autobiography Essay My name is Alexander ________________. I was born on October 14, 1996 in West Islip, NY. What I find most important to me in my past is how close i was with my family. I only learned to appreciate what I had until very recently. My family has helped me during my journey from past to present by supporting me in everything I did, and i mean everything. They are always there for me if i needed someone to talk to. Always had my back and helped me if I needed help. I will have to a lot to adapt from depending so much on my family to becoming and living a lot more independent lifestyle. For example who will do my laundry!! Im only half-kidding. But i will need to get used to not being able to go find them in the kitchen or living room if I need someone to talk to, and I need to get used to doing A LOT more on my own. You start to realize how much your family does for you when you go away to college. It will only get more difficult when I am completely living on my own. I dont expect to form any relationships while taking this course partially because we only meet once a week, but who knows what will happen. I think this course will benefit me in that i will learn how to write a resume and many other things that will help me in my future. I dont think it will be beneficial for me to find a mentor at Suffolk Community College because I already have the right direction and motivation I need to be very successful. Some of the differences I have seen between myself and others at Suffolk Community College are that I seem to care more about my grades and well I am doing. These differences dont bother me because I am here for myself and I care about me doing well. The others may do whatever they want. Goal setting is very important but sadly it is not as important to me as I wish it could be. Goals I want to set are to graduate with above a 3. 5 GPA. I plan to meet this goal by staying focused, motivated, and on track. My overall high school experience was very enjoyable. I didn’t have to push myself much at all and managed to do decent. I pretty much enjoyed all my teachers, I did not have any problems with any of them. My favorite teacher was Mr. Spinks. He was my orchestra teacher but only teached for 2 years. The reason why he was my favorite teacher because It was obvious he had a passion for his job. He worked very hard and just by those two qualities motivated the orchestra to work hard and play much better than we had the past two years. He motivated me to become a lot better cello player. I could not say that I was motivated academically because I would not take the other classes as seriously as I should. I fell asleep often. Extracurricular activities that I was involved in during High School were track, and tennis. According to the Learning Styles assessments, my preferred style is auditory/visual. I was not surprised by these results because i agree with the results. I learn better by seeing it be done. Understanding how I think will help me to adapt in the classroom and relate to my peers by allowing me to talk about visual things. College is going the way I thought it would. I am getting a lot of homework like I expected. I enjoy most of my classes which I expected. My academic strengths are math and cooking class. My weaknesses are in my writing class. I can improve my classroom performance by focusing more i guess. Im still not too sure. .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f , .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .postImageUrl , .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f , .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:hover , .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:visited , .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:active { border:0!important; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:active , .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubfbbf6c1aedd1916350f22a0bdb1467f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Harriet Tubman EssayMy favorite class is CUL1 because it is the most enjoyable for me because I have a passion for food and cooking. I learn so much so quickly I am very happy I followed through by taking the Culinary major and its classes. My most dreaded class is writing because its too early in the morning to give my 100%. Short term goals for this semester are to do very well in all my classes. My long term goals are to leave Suffolk with a job in a restaurant. Education to me is the process of learning about specific subjects. It is important because the more education or knowledge you have the farther you can go in life. Academic honesty to me is being true with yourself about how you are actually doing and what you can do to do better. If you lie to yourself about how bad youre doing that is very bad. Motivation to me is to finally move out of my parents house and into my own house and to be independent and live on my own and be able to take care of myself. Fear to me is losing people that are very close to you. The most significant thing I have learned about myself this semester is that I can do it. I can do well. I can be significant. I have changed since high school in that now I am very motivated. There is not one thing I would not change about this semester. Everything is going very well. I want to be a successful chef. I want people to know my name without even meeting me. II want to open up a very successful and unique restaurant. The advice I would give to a college freshmen that I wish was given to me is that if youre not ready to be alone then go back home and go locally. That is why im here in community college because I wasnt ready to be alone in Cortland University so i dropped out and now im stuck with a 10,000 dollar loan that I am already required to start paying off.

Is There a Philippine Public Administration Essay Example

Is There a Philippine Public Administration? Paper Is there a Philippine Public Administration? The author did not deny the fact that there is a Philippine Public Administration. He, instead, described what kind of Public Administration the Philippines had. It was stated that the public administration of a country is shaped by three major institutions: education, politics and government. The author describes education in the Philippines as poor especially in the areas of science,and History. I have seen so many interviews by fellow Filipinos and foreigners asking Filipinos what they know about the Philippine history and most answers were just a shake of the head (indicating that they don’t know the answer) or a simple â€Å"hindi ko alam† (I have no idea). The Filipinos, then and now, are unaware of their identity. We have been colonized by different countries that our mindset is that anything is better than being a Filipino so we go seek a new identity to a foreign country. Another issue in education from the article was elementary teachers were being considered as professors. We will write a custom essay sample on Is There a Philippine Public Administration? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Is There a Philippine Public Administration? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Is There a Philippine Public Administration? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It has been in the news or the papers that English proficiency is deteriorating here in the Philippines. The said decrease was caused by the quality of teachers being hired to teach the children and the textbooks being provided have so many errors. I have seen and read one of the textbooks being handed down to students and I have experienced sitting-in in an elementary public school class and I could not believe how many errors and inaccuracy they were providing to the children. Even the tarpaulin sign they posted outside their school had wrong grammar in it. A mere sign they could not even get right, what more with what they teach their students? The author provided us, the readers, a brief history of politics here in the Philippines. He thought that the politics before and now are pretty much still the same. It was stated that the people were deprived of any meaningful experience in the politics of civil government. It was only those in the upper class or the principalia who is allowed to govern a town but were merely figureheads of the friar curates. The principalia had developed another form of politics. This was the politics of the pueblos religious fiesta. It was a competition between families to get the post of hermano mayor, which is the sponsor and presiding officer of the fiesta. The post required effort and personal expenditure but rewarded by a few days of personal glory and was vied upon for the personal gain and not really for the well-being of the community. This was basically the basis of Philippines politics. The author mentioned: â€Å"The  old  (colonial)  and  the  new  political  ethics  have  become  one,  a  syncresis  or  a combination  of  often  contradictory  elements,  since  the  beginning  of  the  century. The  victorious  elites  affirm  the  triumph  of  democracy,  the  victory  of  the  people;  and  the  latter  listen  to  finely  crafted  speeches  on  nationalism,  social  justice,  and  the popular  welfare. But  the  archetypal  lider  (leader)in  Filipino  politics  is  still  he  who gets  the  most  jobs  for  his  followers,  increases  his  income  when  his  faction  is  in power  (while  paying  less  in  income  taxes),  and  gives  the  most  help  in  various  forms  to  his  followers’  families. This  is  the  relationship  between  a  Mafia  don  and  his soldiers. † I agree on the author with his claim. This evidently shows on every local or national sector of the government. These are typical measures taken by politicians to acquire more votes. If they provide more help to their followers then others would take notice and probably vote for them in the next elections. I have been so exposed to different approaches of political leaders to gain more votes not only in my hometown but also to our neighboring municipalities. This has been such a common act that it seemed to be normal to give more to the followers instead of equally performing your duties to everyone. Even if some politicians provide equal handling, the amount of those who does not still over shadow’s the good politicians. The Philippine government, like every government in the world, has its flaws. Cronyism is so rampant in the Philippines, most especially during the Marcos era. But the one thing that caught my attention was when President Noynoy Aquino promoted Manny Pacquiao to lieutenant colonel. Manny Pacquiao was enlisted in the Reserve Force of the Philippine Army with the rank of Sergeant on April 27, 2006 as a form of courtesy by then Colonel Alexander Yano who was a Brigade Commander in Sarangani. After this, the promotions kept pouring and just right after his matches. On October 7 2007, He was promoted as Master Sergeant after he defeated Antonio Barrera. I just don’t understand all of this. I don’t even know why he’s in Congress. All he does is train for a boxing match. How would he ever have time to do his duties to the citizens? And now he’s Lieutenant Colonel. Quoting a source: [President Benigno Aquino III] on September 21 authorized the promotion of Pacquiao from a reserve senior master sergeant to a lieutenant colonel. He skipped the ranks of  chief master sergeant, second lieutenant, first lieutenant, captain and major. Major Harold Cabunoc, the Philippine Army Spokesperson said: Being an elected official at ang karangalan na ibinigay ni Pacman sa buong bansa, at of course sa Army, parang hindi sapat na siya lang ay isang senior master sergeant,† Just because he’s the 8th time World Boxing Champion doesn’t mean he is qualified to lead a battalion in the army. This action of the government s imply shows that they are not doing a good job running this country. They merely appoint people subjectively not considering the qualifications needed. I feel a sense of melancholy when I think about how much the actions of the government will affect its citizens and technically everything the Philippines represents. I like how the author compared the government with the Pasig River. What once was a pulsing and living artery of commerce and life is now silted, dirty and dead. Like the author said, if a government cannot keep its toilets clean or cleanse a dying river and bring it to life, then it can neither govern well nor attain development for the people. Although its never too late to change for the better, it will take a long time to straighten our frail government. I don’t want to think that the Philippines will always be this corrupt and undeveloped country.

How Barometers Measure Air Pressure

How Barometers Measure Air Pressure A barometer is a widely used weather instrument that measures atmospheric pressure (also known as air pressure or barometric pressure) the weight of the air in the atmosphere. It is one of the basic sensors included in weather stations. While an array of barometer types exist, two main types are used in meteorology: the mercury barometer and the aneroid barometer. How the Classic Mercury Barometer Works The classic mercury barometer is designed as a glass tube about 3 feet high with one end open and the other end sealed. The tube is filled with mercury. This glass tube sits upside down in a container, called the reservoir, which also contains mercury. The mercury level in the glass tube falls, creating a vacuum at the top. (The first barometer of this type was devised by Italian physicist and mathematician Evangelista Torricelli in 1643.) The barometer works by balancing the weight of mercury in the glass tube against the atmospheric pressure, much like a set of scales. Atmospheric pressure is basically the weight of air in the atmosphere above the reservoir, so the level of mercury continues to change until the weight of mercury in the glass tube is exactly equal to the weight of air above the reservoir. Once the two have stopped moving and are balanced, the pressure is recorded by reading the value at the mercurys height in the vertical column. If the weight of mercury is less than the atmospheric pressure, the mercury level in the glass tube rises (high pressure). In areas of high pressure, air is sinking toward the surface of the earth more quickly than it can flow out to surrounding areas. Since the number of air molecules above the surface increases, there are more molecules to exert a force on that surface. With an increased weight of air above the reservoir, the mercury level rises to a higher level. If the weight of mercury is more than the atmospheric pressure, the mercury level falls (low pressure). In areas of low pressure, air is rising away from the surface of the earth more quickly than it can be replaced by air flowing in from surrounding areas. Since the number of air molecules above the area decreases, there are fewer molecules to exert a force on that surface. With a reduced weight of air above the reservoir, the mercury level drops to a lower level. Mercury vs. Aneroid Weve already explored how mercury barometers work. One con of using them, however, is that theyre not the safest things (after all, mercury is a highly poisonous liquid metal). Aneroid barometers are more widely used as an alternative to liquid barometers. Invented in 1884 by French scientist Lucien Vidi, the aneroid barometer resembles a compass or clock. Heres how it works: Inside of an aneroid barometer is a small flexible metal box. Since this box has had the air pumped out of it, small changes in external air pressure cause its metal to expand and contract. The expansion and contraction movements drive mechanical levers inside which move a needle. As these movements drive the needle up or down around the barometer face dial, the pressure change is easily displayed. Aneroid barometers are the kinds most commonly used in homes and small aircraft. Cell Phone Barometers Whether or not you have a barometer in your home, office, boat, or plane, chances are your iPhone, Android, or another smartphone has a built-in digital barometer! Digital barometers work like an aneroid, except the mechanical parts are replaced with a simple pressure-sensing transducer. So, why is this weather-related sensor in your phone? Many manufacturers include it to improve elevation measurements provided by your phones GPS services (since atmospheric pressure is directly related to elevation). If you happen to be a weather geek, you get the added benefit of being able to share and crowdsource air pressure data with a bunch of other smartphone users via your phones always-on internet connection and weather apps. Millibars, Inches of Mercury, and Pascals Barometric pressure can be reported in any one of the below units of measure: Inches of Mercury (inHg) - Used mainly in the United States.Millibars (mb) - Used by meteorologists.Pascals (Pa) - The SI unit of pressure, used worldwide.Atmospheres (Atm) - Air pressure at sea level at a temperature of 59 Â °F (15 Â °C) When converting between them, use this formula: 29.92 inHg 1.0 Atm 101325 Pa 1013.25 mb Edited by Tiffany Means

The Ancient Mesopotamian Urban Community of Ur

The Ancient Mesopotamian Urban Community of Ur The Mesopotamian city of Ur, known as Tell al-Muqayyar and the biblical Ur of the Chaldees), was an important Sumerian city-state between about 2025-1738 BC. Located near the modern town of Nasiriyah in far southern Iraq, on a now-abandoned channel of the Euphrates river, Ur covered about 25 hectares (60 acres), surrounded by a city wall. When British archaeologist Charles Leonard Woolley excavated in the 1920s and 1930s, the city was a tell- a great artificial hill over seven meters (23 feet) high composed of centuries of building and rebuilding mud-brick structures, one stacked on top of another. Chronology of Southern Mesopotamia The following chronology of Southern Mesopotamia is simplified somewhat from that suggested by the School of American Research Advanced Seminar in 2001, based primarily on pottery and other artifact styles and reported in Ur 2010. Old Babylonian (Late Bronze Age, 1800-1600 BC)Isin-Larsa Dynasties (Middle Bronze Age, 2000-1800 BC)Ur III (2100-2000 BC)Akkadian (Early Bronze Age, 2300-2100 BC)Early Dynastic I-III (Sumerian, 3000-2300 BC)Late Uruk (Late Chalcolithic, 3300-3000 BC)Middle Uruk (3800-3300 BC)Early Uruk  (4100-3800 BC)Late Ubaid (4400-4100 BC)Ubaid Period (5900-4400 BC) The earliest known occupations at Ur city date to the Ubaid period of the late 6th millennium BC. By about 3000 BC, Ur covered a total area of 15 ha (37 ac) including early temple sites. Ur reached its maximum size of 22 ha (54 ac) during the Early Dynastic Period of the early 3rd millennium BC  when Ur was one of the most important capitals of the Sumerian civilization. Ur continued as a minor capital for Sumer and succeeding civilizations, but during the 4th century BC, the Euphrates changed course, and the city was abandoned. Living in Sumerian Ur During Urs heyday in the Early Dynastic period, four main residential areas of the city included homes made of baked mud brick foundations arranged along long, narrow, winding streets and alleyways. Typical houses included an open central courtyard with two or more main living rooms in which the families resided. Each house had a domestic chapel where cult structures and the family burial vault was kept. Kitchens, stairways, workrooms, lavatories were all part of the household structures. The houses were packed in very tightly together, with exterior walls of one household immediately abutting the next one. Although the cities appear very closed off, the interior courtyards and wide streets provided light, and the close-set houses protected the exposure of the exterior walls to heating especially during the hot summers. Royal Cemetery Between 1926 and 1931, Woolleys investigations at Ur focused on the Royal Cemetery, where he eventually excavated approximately 2,100 graves, within an area of 70x55 m (230x180 ft): Woolley estimated there were up to three times as many burials originally. Of those, 660 were determined to be dated to the Early Dynastic IIIA (2600-2450 BC)period, and Woolley designated 16 of those as royal tombs. These tombs had a stone-built chamber with multiple rooms, where the principal royal burial was placed. Retainerspeople who presumably served the royal personage and were buried with him or herwere found in a pit outside of the chamber or adjacent to it. The largest of these pits, called death pits by Woolley, held the remains of 74 people. Woolley came to the conclusion that the attendants had willingly drunk some drug and then lay down in rows to go with their master or mistress. The most spectacular royal graves in Urs Royal Cemetery were those of Private Grave 800, belonging to a richly adorned queen identified as Puabi or Pu-abum, approximately 40 years old; and PG 1054 with an unidentified female. The largest death pits were PG 789, called the Kings Grave, and PG 1237, the Great Death Pit. the tomb chamber of 789 had been robbed in antiquity, but its death pit contained the bodies of 63 retainers. PG 1237 held 74 retainers, most of which were four rows of elaborately dressed women arranged around a set of musical instruments. Recent analysis (Baadsgaard and colleagues) of a sample of skulls from several pits at Ur suggests that, rather than being poisoned, the retainers were killed by blunt force trauma, as ritual sacrifices. After they were killed, an attempt was made to preserve the bodies, using a combination of heat treatment and the application of mercury; and then the bodies were dressed in their finery and laid in rows in the pits. Archaeology at the City of Ur Archaeologists associated with Ur included J.E. Taylor, H.C. Rawlinson, Reginald Campbell Thompson, and, most importantly, C. Leonard Woolley. Woolleys investigations of Ur lasted 12 years from 1922 and 1934, including five years focusing on the Royal Cemetery of Ur, including the graves of Queen Puabi and King Meskalamdug. One of his primary assistants was Max Mallowan, then married to mystery writer Agatha Christie, who visited Ur and based her Hercule Poirot novel   Murder in Mesopotamia on the excavations there. Important discoveries at Ur included the Royal Cemetery, where rich Early Dynastic burials were found by Woolley in the 1920s; and thousands of clay tablets impressed with cuneiform writing which describe in detail the lives and thoughts of Urs inhabitants. Sources Baadsgaard A, Monge J, Cox S, and Zettler RL. 2011.  Human sacrifice and intentional corpse preservation in the Royal Cemetery of Ur.  Antiquity 85(327):27-42.Dickson DB. 2006. Public Transcripts Expressed in Theatres of Cruelty: the Royal Graves at Ur in Mesopotamia.  Cambridge Archaeological Journal  16(2):123–144. Jansen M, Aulbach S, Hauptmann A, Hà ¶fer HE, Klein S, Krà ¼ger M, and Zettler RL. 2016. Platinum group placer minerals in ancient gold artifacts – Geochemistry and osmium isotopes of inclusions in Early Bronze Age gold from Ur/Mesopotamia. Journal of Archaeological Science 68:12-23.Kenoyer JM, Price TD, and Burton JH. 2013. A new approach to tracking connections between the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia: initial results of strontium isotope analyses from Harappa and Ur. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(5):2286-2297.Miller NF. 2013. Symbols of Fertility and Abundance in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, Iraq. American Journal of Archaeology 117(1):127- 133. Oates J, McMahon A, Karsgaard P, Al Quntar S, and Ur J. 2007. Early Mesopotamian urbanism: a new view from the north.  Antiquity  81:585-600. Rawcliffe C, Aston M, Lowings A, Sharp MC, and Watkins KG. 2005. Laser Engraving Gulf Pearl ShellAiding the Reconstruction of the Lyre of Ur.  Lacona VI.Shepperson M. 2009.  Planning for the sun: urban forms as a Mesopotamian response to the sun.  World Archaeology  41(3):363–378.Tengberg M, Potts DT, and Francfort H-P. 2008.  The golden leaves of Ur.  Antiquity  82:925-936.Ur J. 2014. Households and the emergence of cities in ancient Mesopotamia. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 24(2):249-268.Ur J, Karsgaard P, and Oates J. 2011. The Spatial Dimensions of Early Mesopotamian Urbanism: The Tell Brak Suburban Survey, 2003-2006. Iraq 73:1-19.

Vietnam War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Vietnam War - Essay Example Instead, the Americans entered the war in Vietnam to counter the growing clout of a communist group known as the Viet Cong. Although the Americans had superior firepower, the Vietnamese, with their knowledge of the terrain and their guerilla tactics, finally forced America to withdraw after two decades of a long drawn and costly war. The cost to America in terms of economic and political losses, as well as loss of lives and humiliation at the hands of an enemy that seemed small and insignificant, was immense. Today, after over three decades, there is still no consensus among scholars and historians about whether America should have ever entered the war. Vietnam War The war in Vietnam was a long drawn out and costly conflict between South Vietnam, which was backed by America, and the communist regime of North Vietnam. The war began in 1954 with the rise of the communist party of Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam and escalated into a war of ideologies against the backdrop of the cold war be tween the Soviet Union and America. It is estimated that more than three million people died in this war, of which a great majority were innocent civilians. The war that America invested in so heavily has been a cause of dissent and divisions among Americans, and by the time president Richard Nixon ordered withdrawal of troops in 1973, America had sacrificed thousands of her young men to this war. Finally, in 1975, Saigon fell to the communist forces and ended the war that had stretched over two decades. Dr. John Guilmartin, in his book America in Vietnam, remarks â€Å"The United States of America became deeply involved in Vietnam and that involvement had serious consequences† (Guilmartin,1991). The origins of the Vietnam War can be traced to the end of the Second World War. Before the war, Indochina or French Indochina, as it was then known, was a French colony consisting of today’s Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. In 1940, the Japanese invaded and occupied the northern part of Indochina and a little later the rest of it. In 1941, Ho Chi Minh, a communist leader, formed a nationalist movement called the Viet Minh to repulse the Japanese invasion. Soon after, the French began to encourage nationalism in Vietnam and gave them nominal independence. However, at the end of the war, when the Japanese surrendered, the French renewed their claim on Indochina. Ho Chi Minh assumed power in the north and proclaimed himself the leader of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. In his address in Hanoi, he proclaimed, "All men are created equal. They are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. This immortal statement was made in the Declaration of Independence of the United States of America in 1776. In a broader sense, this means all the peoples on the earth are equal from birth, all the peoples have a right to live, to be happy and free. Those are undeniable truths" (Ho Chi Minh, 1945). In the months after the end of the Second World War, Chinese soldiers began the looting of Vietnamese villages as they came down to North Vietnam from China. In the South, the French soldiers, released from Japanese camps, went on a rampage, killing and looting both innocent civilians and Viet Minh soldiers. In 1946, Chiang Kai Shek of China agreed to withdraw his troops from North Vietnam in exchange for French

Successful life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Successful life - Essay Example At my house, we were four children, my parents and more often than not my grandmother would visit. This meant the house was always crowded and somewhat noisy, for me this was annoying and made me eager for college so that I could move out and go be on my own, in quiet. Nonetheless, this attitude transformed when I began college and within the first year I learnt that Mr Raphaels’ wellbeing had spun for worse. I had to make new friends and adapt to new surroundings, this made me miss the familiarity of home. Mr. Raphaels had been admitted to a rehabilitation centre as he had become an alcoholic. It occurred to me that a successful life is not guaranteed by material things and being alone is quite miserable. In my opinion, a successful life is achieved through contentment and fulfillment that are complementary feelings generated from within; whereby contentment implies accepting and appreciating the situation one is in, good health, social ties family being paramount and spiritu ality. These three things, from an individual viewpoint, allow us to realize success as a constant achievement. First and foremost, success is dependent on social ties because as human beings social connection is a prime need. Social ties allude to the rapport we have with our kin, friends, neighbors and colleagues. We need to maintain fruitful relationships that satisfy that basic need for connection, where we not only seek to keep ourselves happy but also those that are around us. Family is a key factor because they know us best and have supported us throughout our lives, that is, since childhood till presently. Hence, we ought to learn to be appreciative and tolerate them; moreover, the friends we keep are essential in our success as they either lead us to positive outcomes or negative outcomes. One should encircle themselves with people that inspire, support and complement. When we are vulnerable for example because of illness or frustrations from school, we will need someone to support us. As we go about our everyday life, we must treat people with respect and be humble because we are equal as human beings. Besides that, it is important that we adapt a sense of charity towards the less fortunate. Nothing is more rewarding than giving; it brings a sense of fulfillment which is the essence of success, as it breeds contentment. Spirituality, being the second crucial factor that guarantees success, requires that we develop a sense of mastery of ourselves. This implies discovering ourselves with regard to our weaknesses and strengths. As soon as we accept these, we can better our weaknesses and magnify our strengths. Self-mastery becomes significant because we train ourselves to accept that which we cannot change and improve that which we can, all through guidance. This requires that we adapt a different attitude and behavior towards life to this reality. Nevertheless, we should be careful not to develop a bleak perspective towards life. We must have hope, rem aining optimistic, as this provides us with a renewed strength whenever we feel overwhelmed by life. Of significance as well, is recognizing that when seeking pleasure we must choose pleasures that are deep and lingering. Not forgetting, having a charitable spirit as this provides a deep rewarding feeling. Thirdly, we must ensure that we are healthy in terms of

Consider the impact Essay Example for Free

Consider the impact Essay In the poem Afternoons by Philip Larkin the closing lines are an effective conclusion top the poem as a whole. The closing lines conclude the fact that young mothers are being repressed by society and that they are being forced into a dull joyless life. Afternoons is based around young mothers looking after their children. The pressures of society have forced them into marrying young and having children. Due to this they have lost all the joy in their lives and are settling down into a dull meaningless life. The closing lines of afternoons state that Something is pushing them To the side of their own lives This effectively concludes the poem as it refers closely to the poems main theme which is developed throughout the poem. The last lines sum up the fact that the pressures of society have forced the mothers into the dull lives that they are currently living. The idea that the young mothers have lost their lives is developed through the whole of the poem. It is effectively introduced in the opening lines of the poem where the poet states Summer is fading Leaves fall in ones and twos, from Trees bordering the recreation ground Summer is a metaphor for the lives of the young mothers which are fading away. Summer is the high point in the mothers lives which is quickly becoming merely a memory. The leaves are symbolic of the mothers. They have lost all colour and vitality in their lives and are fading away just like a leaf when it falls off a tree. The idea that the mothers are living a dull life is continued when the poet says In the hollows of afternoons Young mothers assemble At swing and Sandpit Setting free their children The fact that the afternoons are hollow to the mothers tells us how empty their lives have become. The word Assemble suggests that the young mothers dont enjoy what they are doing. Taking their children to the play park is a chore to the mothers and they have little joy doing so. The fact that they are setting free their children shows us that they are focusing entirely on them. They are not wanting the childrens lives to turn out like theirs did. They are giving them some joy in their lives. The idea that the mothers are expected to look after their children is clarified when the poet says Behind them at intervals Stand husbands in skilled trades The fact that their husbands are standing behind them tells us that they are not wanting to get involved with the children. The husbands are leaving the job of looking after their children on the mothers. The husbands expect the young mothers to look after the children entirely on their own. The play is set in the 60s in a time where young mothers were expected to devote all their attention to their husbands and children and forget about themselves. Society expected this of them and so do the husbands. The fact that the husbands are in skilled trades highlights that they themselves live relatively interesting lives. This is in sharp contrast to the dull, joyless lives that their wives have and helps emphasise the powers of the expectations of society. The main point that the mothers lives have changed is further shown when the poet says that the albums labelled Our Wedding are lying near the television . The juxtaposition between the wedding albums, symbolising the best day of the mothers lives and the fact that they are lying near the television symbolising passiveness and routine helps emphasise the extent in which the young mothers lives have changed. Their lives have clearly gone downhill form the wedding day and they are stuck in their boring, monotonous lives with little hope of things changing. The theme that the young womens lives have changed for the worse is finalised when the poet says Before them the wind is ruining their courting places, that are still courting places but the lovers are all in school The wind is symbolic of a force for change which in this case is the pressures of society. The fact that the courting places have been ruined helps highlight how the mothers lives have changed in a relatively short time. The idea that they are still occupied helps show the cycle within the era of women leaving school marrying and having children at as young age. This helps highlight the pressure of society that are forever bearing. The children are following the same path that the young mothers led and will soon turn out just like them. As you can clearly see the final lines something is pushing them to the side of their own lives is a very effective conclusion to the passage as a whole. The closing lines help clarify that the main reason for the mothers unhappiness is due to the expectation of society that have forced them into marrying young and having a family. The main ideas of the poem are effectively conveyed throughout and are very effectively concluded with the ending lines.

What Is Satanism? :: essays research papers

What is Satanism? Satanism is the religion of the flesh. Happiness, to the Satanist must be found here and now. No heaven exists to go to after death and no Hell of burning punishment awaits the sinner. Strongly attached to our family and close associations, we make excellent friends. Satanists do not believe that you can love everyone and treat every person the same. By failing to hate you make yourself unable to love. Feared by their enemies and loved by their friends, Satanist's build their stronghold in the community. The term occult means "hidden" or those things or teachings that are unknown information, knowledge that is gained beyond the five senses. Therefore, knowledge is received by some supernatural involvement or connection. Anton LaVey of the first church of Satan in San Francisco, California, says that "Satanism is a blatantly selfish brutal religion- It is based on the belief that man is inherently a selfish, violent creature†¦ that the earth will be ruled by those who fight and win." Satanism challenges the biblical teachings regarding mans relationship to others. Young Satanist's believe that the strong will rule with Satan. Power has become an obsession with young Satanists. It is sought after on the physical, mental, and spiritual levels. Gaining knowledge that others do not posses is another aspect of the occult. When an individual has more knowledge it allows them a degree of power over those who do not have access to that knowledge. The Ouija Board has proven particularly useful. The Ouija Board is an instrument for communication with the spirits of the dead. The Ouija Board is an open door into the world of the occult and demonic activity. Disembodied speak to the living through the medium of the Ouija Board. This information is believed to be truth from the other side; Lucifer's delusion to gain our allegiance. Most cases are with people who have used the Ouija Board. The Ouija Board is the easiest way to become possessed. The greatest danger of the Ouija is that an individual begins to place his trust and future hope in the message the board brings. Christians can offer several reasons as to why one should not be involved in the use of the Ouija Board. One is simply that the bible condemns it as being involvement in the occult. And then theirs the fact that the message received is often false and misleading. According to scripture (Matt 4:9, Rev, 12:19) "Satan's goal is to deceive man by blinding him to the truth of the gospel and to receive worship for himself. Satan desires to alter an individuals values and turn them against

Morning Assembly

Government of Bihar Science & Technology Department Technology Bhawan, Bailey Road, Patna Adv. No. – ST-01/2012 Dated – 26. 05. 2012 NOTICE FOR CONTRACT APPOINTEMENT OF TEACHING CADRE POSTS IN ENGINEERING COLLEGES & GOVT. POLYTECHNICS IN THE STATE OF BIHAR Online applications are invited for contract appointments on vacant posts of Professors, Associate Professors and Assistant Professors in Engineering Colleges and on vacant posts of Lecturers & H. O. D. in Govt.Polytechnics of the State of Bihar in different faculties of Engineering, Non-Engineering and Humanities streams under the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of Bihar. 2. 2. 1 2. 1. 1 Edicational Qualification and Eligibility : Minimum Educational Eligibility for Contract Appointment in teaching cadre for Polytechnic Institutions: For Lecturer / Workshop Superintendent in Engineering and Technology: (a) The candidate is required to have passed the appropriate Graduation Level Engineering / Technology C ourse with Bachelor's degree in Engineering / Technology in the relevant branch with First Class or Equivalent.If the candidate has a Master's degree in Engineering / Technology, first class or equivalent is required at Bachelor's or Master's level. For Lecturer in Sciences and Humanities: The candidate must obtain First Class Master's degree in appropriate subject with first class or equivalent at bachelor's or Master's level.For Head of the Department (HOD) in Engineering / Technology : The candidate must have obtained Bachelor's and Master's degree of appropriate branch in Engineering / Technology with First Class or equivalent either at Bachelor's or Master's level with minimum of 10 years relevant experience in teaching / research / industry OR Bachelor's degree and Master's degree of appropriate branch in Engineering / Technology with First Class or equivalent either at Bachelor's or Master's level and Ph. D. r equivalent, in appropriate discipline in Engineering / Technology with minimum of 5 years relevant experience in teaching / research / industry. Minimum Educational Eligibility for Contract Appointment in teaching cadre of Engineering College: For Assistant Professor in Engineering / Technology: The Candidate should be B. E. / B. Tech and M. E. / M. Tech in relevant branch with First Class or equivalent either in B. E. / B. Tech or M. E. / M. Tech. For Assistant Professor in Pharmacy : The Candidate should be Bachelor's and Master's Degree in Pharmacy with First Class or equivalent either in Bachelor's or Master's Degree.For Assistant Professor in Sciences : The Candidate should have Good academic record with at least 55% marks or, an equivalent CGPA at the Master's Degree level in the relevant subject from an Indian University or an equivalent degree from a Foreign University. Besides fulfilling the above qualifications, candidates should have cleared the National Eligibility Test (NET) for Lecturers conducted by the UGC, CSIR or similar test acc redited by the UGC. For Associate Professor in Engineering / Technology : The Candidate should have B. E. B. Tech and M. E. / M. Tech in relevant branch with First Class or equivalent either in B. E. / B. Tech or M. E. / M. Tech and Ph. D. or equivalent in appropriate discipline with Minimum of 5 years experience in teaching / research / industry of which 2 years post Ph. D. experience is desirable. Post Ph. D. publications and guiding Ph. D. student is highly desirable. For Associate Professor in Sciences : The Candidate should have Good academic record with at least 55% marks or, an equivalent CGPA at the Master's level and Ph. D. egree in the relevant subject. 5 years experience in Teaching and / or Research excluding the period spent for obtaining the degrees and has made some mark in the areas of Scholarship as evidenced by quality of publications, contribution to educational innovation, design of new courses and curricula. 2. 2. 6 For Professor in Engineering / Technology : Ed ucational : (a) (b) The eligibility as mentioned for Associate Professor. Post Ph. D. publications and Guiding Ph. D. student is highly desirable. 2. 1. 2 2. 1. 3 2. 2 2. 2. 1 2. 2. 2 2. 2. 3 . 2. 4 2. 2. 5 Experience : Minimum of 10 years teaching / research / industrial experience of which at least 5 years should be at the level of Associate Professor OR Minimum of 13 years experience in teaching and / or Research and / or Industry. 3. Other Eligibility Criteria: (a) Nationality : (b) (c) 4. Age : Medical fitness : The Candidate should be a citizen of India. Minimum 18 years and maximum 64 years on 01. 01. 2012. Good mortal & Physical health, so as to fit to discharge official duty. Reservation : The reservation rule of the Govt. f Bihar will be applicable. 5. 6. Final Merit List : Final merit-list will be determined on the basis of total marks obtained in written Aptitude Test plus total marks determined on the basis of academic qualification & relevant experience. Brochure / Pro spectus : For details regarding provisions, eligibility, written aptitude test, consideration of Academic qualifications, procedure of selections etc. Please download the brochure from the website: www. bceceboard. com or www. bcecebonline. com and carefully go through it.Application Fee & Mode of submitting Application Form : (i) (ii) Application Fee for Gen, BC & EBC Categories Rs. 1000/- (Rs. One thousand only) Application Fee for SC & ST Categories Rs. 500/- (Rs. Five hundred only) The candidates are required to submit ‘ONLINE' Application Form as per the instructions given hereunder during the period from 02. 06. 2012 to 17. 06. 2012. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Visit website : www. bceceboard. com or www. bcecebonline. com Click on â€Å"Online Application for Contract Appointment of Teaching Cadre Posts†.Download the â€Å"Brochure† for details. Click on â€Å"Online Registration†. Online Application Form to be submitted in two parts i. e. ==; ==; # # (II) Part-1 Part-2 Includes personal details, contact details, academic details & work experience. Has four sections – Fee payment, Uploading of Photograph, Uploading of Signatures in English & Hindi. 2 7. 8. Submission of Online Application Form : (I) For filling up the above said both parts of the Application Form, follow the instruction as crop-up in computer.Your online Application Form will not be registered unless you upload your photograph, signature and Bank Draft no. & Date with issuing branch of the Bank. Take a print-out of the completed Application Form, attach Bank Draft for Fee and other required self attested certificates / documents and send it through Speed Post/ Registered Post only so as to reach latest by 27. 06. 2012 at the following address: â€Å"The Nodal Officer, Department of Science & Technology (Govt. of Bihar), C/o I. A. S. Bhawan, Near Patna Airport, Patna-800014† (III) 9.For Application Fee the required Bank Draft must be Payable at Patna and issued from any of the nationalised Bank in favour of Controller of Examination, B. C. E. C. E. Board. The last date for submission of Online Application Form is 17. 06. 2012 till 5. 00 PM. The last date for submission of print out of the Application Form alongwith Bank Draft and other documents through Registered Post / Speed Post is 27. 06. 2012 (5. 00 PM). For any delay in Postal transit, the authority will not undertake any responsibility what-so-ever. Nodal Officer Deptt. of Sc. & Technology (Govt. of Bihar)

Deception Point Page 37

Ekstrom scowled. â€Å"So is it possible or not?† â€Å"Not on your life,† Norah said flatly. â€Å"Totally impossible. I would have hit pockets of brine ice in my core samples.† â€Å"Core samples are drilled essentially in random spots, right?† Rachel asked. â€Å"Is there any chance the cores' placements, simply by bad luck, could have missed a pocket of sea ice?† â€Å"I drilled directly down over the meteorite. Then I drilled multiple cores only a few yards on either side. You can't get any closer.† â€Å"Just asking.† â€Å"The point is moot,† Norah said. â€Å"Brine interstices occur only in seasonal ice-ice that forms and melts every season. The Milne Ice Shelf is fast ice-ice that forms in the mountains and holds fast until it migrates to the calving zone and falls into the sea. As convenient as frozen plankton would be for explaining this mysterious little phenomenon, I can guarantee there are no hidden networks of frozen plankton in this glacier.† The group fell silent again. Despite the stark rebuttal of the frozen plankton theory, Rachel's systematic analysis of the data refused to accept the rejection. Instinctively, Rachel knew that the presence of frozen plankton in the glacier beneath them was the simplest solution to the riddle. The Law of Parsimony, she thought. Her NRO instructors had driven it into her subconscious. When multiple explanations exist, the simplest is usually correct. Norah Mangor obviously had a lot to lose if her ice-core data was wrong, and Rachel wondered if maybe Norah had seen the plankton, realized she'd made a mistake in claiming the glacier was solid, and was now simply trying to cover her tracks. â€Å"All I know,† Rachel said, â€Å"is that I just briefed the entire White House staff and told them this meteorite was discovered in a pristine matrix of ice and had been sealed there, untouched by outside influence since 1716, when it broke off of a famous meteorite called the Jungersol. This fact now appears to be in some question.† The NASA administrator was silent, his expression grave. Tolland cleared his throat. â€Å"I have to agree with Rachel. There was saltwater and plankton in the pool. No matter what the explanation is, that shaft is obviously not a closed environment. We can't say it is.† Corky was looking uncomfortable. â€Å"Um, folks, not to sound like the astrophysicist here, but in my field when we make mistakes, we're usually off by billions of years. Is this little plankton/saltwater mix-up really all that important? I mean, the perfection of the ice surrounding the meteorite in no way affects the meteorite itself, right? We still have the fossils. Nobody is questioning their authenticity. If it turns out we've made a mistake with the ice-core data, nobody will really care. All they'll care about is that we found proof of life on another planet.† â€Å"I'm sorry, Dr. Marlinson,† Rachel said, â€Å"as someone who analyzes data for a living, I have to disagree. Any tiny flaw in the data NASA presents tonight has the potential to cast doubt over the credibility of the entire discovery. Including the authenticity of the fossils.† Corky's jaw fell open. â€Å"What are you talking about? Those fossils are irrefutable!† â€Å"I know that. You know that. But if the public catches wind that NASA knowingly presented ice-core data that was in question, trust me, they will immediately start wondering what else NASA lied about.† Norah stepped forward, eyes flashing. â€Å"My ice-core data is not in question.† She turned to the administrator. â€Å"I can prove to you, categorically, that there is no brine ice trapped anywhere in this ice shelf!† The administrator eyed her a long moment. â€Å"How?† Norah outlined her plan. When she was done, Rachel had to admit, the idea sounded like a reasonable one. The administrator did not look so sure. â€Å"And the results will be definitive?† â€Å"One hundred percent confirmation,† Norah assured him. â€Å"If there's one goddamn ounce of frozen saltwater anywhere near that meteorite shaft, you will see it. Even a few droplets will light up on my gear like Times Square.† The administrator's brow furrowed beneath his military buzz cut. â€Å"There's not much time. The press conference is in a couple of hours.† â€Å"I can be back in twenty minutes.† â€Å"How far out on the glacier did you say you have to go?† â€Å"Not far. Two hundred yards should do it.† Ekstrom nodded. â€Å"Are you certain it's safe?† â€Å"I'll take flares,† Norah replied. â€Å"And Mike will go with me.† Tolland's head shot up. â€Å"I will?† â€Å"You sure as hell will, Mike! We'll be tethered. I'd appreciate a strong set of arms out there if the wind whips up.† â€Å"But-â€Å" â€Å"She's right,† the administrator said, turning to Tolland. â€Å"If she goes, she can't go alone. I'd send some of my men with her, but frankly, I'd rather keep this plankton issue to ourselves until we figure out if it's a problem or not.† Tolland gave a reluctant nod. â€Å"I'd like to go too,† Rachel said. Norah spun like a cobra. â€Å"The hell you will.† â€Å"Actually,† the administrator said, as if an idea had just occurred to him, â€Å"I think I'd feel safer if we used the standard quad tether configuration. If you go dual, and Mike slips, you'll never hold him. Four people are a lot safer than two.† He paused glancing at Corky. â€Å"That would mean either you or Dr. Ming.† Ekstrom glanced around the habisphere. â€Å"Where is Dr. Ming, anyway?† â€Å"I haven't seen him in a while,† Tolland said. â€Å"He might be catching a nap.† Ekstrom turned to Corky. â€Å"Dr. Marlinson, I cannot require that you go out with them, and yet-â€Å" â€Å"What the hell?† Corky said. â€Å"Seeing as everyone is getting along so well.† â€Å"No!† Norah exclaimed. â€Å"Four people will slow us down. Mike and I are going alone.† â€Å"You are not going alone.† The administrator's tone was final. â€Å"There's a reason tethers are built as quads, and we're going to do this as safely as possible. The last thing I need is an accident a couple hours before the biggest press conference in NASA's history.† 43 Gabrielle Ashe felt a precarious uncertainty as she sat in the heavy air of Marjorie Tench's office. What could this woman possibly want with me? Behind the room's sole desk, Tench leaned back in her chair, her hard features seeming to radiate pleasure with Gabrielle's discomfort. â€Å"Does the smoke bother you?† Tench asked, tapping a fresh cigarette from her pack. â€Å"No,† Gabrielle lied. Tench was already lighting up anyway. â€Å"You and your candidate have taken quite an interest in NASA during this campaign.† â€Å"True,† Gabrielle snapped, making no effort to hide her anger, â€Å"thanks to some creative encouragement. I'd like an explanation.† Tench gave an innocent pout. â€Å"You want to know why I've been sending you e-mail fodder for your attack on NASA?† â€Å"The information you sent me hurt your President.† â€Å"In the short run, yes.† The ominous tone in Tench's voice made Gabrielle uneasy. â€Å"What's that supposed to mean?† â€Å"Relax, Gabrielle. My e-mails didn't change things much. Senator Sexton was NASA-bashing long before I stepped in. I simply helped him clarify his message. Solidify his position.† â€Å"Solidify his position?† â€Å"Exactly.† Tench smiled, revealing stained teeth. â€Å"Which, I must say, he did quite effectively this afternoon on CNN.† Gabrielle recalled the senator's reaction to Tench's fence-buster question. Yes, I would act to abolish NASA. Sexton had gotten himself cornered, but he'd played out of the rough with a strong drive. It was the right move. Wasn't it? From Tench's contented look, Gabrielle sensed there was information missing.

Samurai X essays

Samurai X essays The Tokugawa Era ended with the surrender of their loyalist forces. Royalist forces called the Ishinshishi rebeled against the Tokugawa Shogunate because they were not contented with the countrys current state. But Yoshinobu Tokugawa didnt have any choice when the mysterious Black Ships (Western) of Commodore Matthew Calibriath Perry arrived in Japan. The government was afraid of an invasion. So Tokugawa was forced to sign a treaty of trade with U.S. which led to more trouble which caused its down fall. The Meiji government replaced the military regime of Tokugawa and placed Emperor Meiji in power. The government wanted to modernize Japan by learning from the West. During the period the carrying of swords was banned. So the samurai had no place in the new society. Some became farmers, others became bandits. Here is where kenshin steps in. Rurouni Kenshin is the story of a wanderer called Himura Kenshin (with Himura meaning, of the village, and Kenshin meaning Sword Heart). During the Bakumatsu (end of Edo Dynasty in Japan), he was known as the Hitokiri Battousai, which meant, Assasin of Sword-Drawing. Kenshin killed with a single stroke, quick and painless. He was a member of the Choshu Ishin group, and was a Hitokiri (Assasin) for them. Later, Katsura Kogoro transferred him to the front to fight against the Shinsen Gumi. After a period, he left the Choshu, and began wandering throuhout Japan. He took a vow never to kill again, and replaced his sword with a Sakabatou (reverse-blade sword) so that he may still use his fighting skills but not to kill. Now, Kenshin perceive life as a precious gift and therefore, he treats people with cheer and love and his enemies with respect. ...

Exploring the Earths Four Spheres

Exploring the Earth's Four Spheres The area near the surface of the earth can be divided into four interconnected spheres: lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Think of them as four interconnected parts that make up a complete system, in this case, of life on earth. Environmental scientists  use this system to classify and study the organic and inorganic materials found on the planet. The Lithosphere The lithosphere, sometimes called the geosphere, refers to all of the rocks of the earth. It includes the planets mantle and crust, the two outermost layers. The boulders of Mount Everest, the sand of Miami Beach and the lava erupting from Hawaiis Mount  Kilauea  are all components of the lithosphere. The actual thickness of the lithosphere varies considerably and can range from roughly 40 km to 280 km. The lithosphere ends at the point when the minerals in the earths crust begin to demonstrate viscous and fluid behaviors. The exact depth at which this happens depends on the chemical composition of the earth, and the heat and pressure acting upon the material. The lithosphere is divided into 15 tectonic plates that fit together around the earth like a jagged puzzle:  African, Antarctic,  Arabian, Australian, Caribbean, Cocos,  Eurasian,  Indian, Juan de Fuca, Nazca, North American,  Pacific,  Philippine, Scotia, and South American. These plates arent fixed; theyre slowly moving. The friction created when these tectonic plates push against one another causes earthquakes, volcanoes and the formation of mountains and ocean trenches. The Hydrosphere The hydrosphere is composed of all of the water on or near the planets  surface. This includes oceans, rivers, and lakes, as well as underground aquifers and the moisture in the atmosphere. Scientists estimate the total amount at more than 1,300 million cubic feet. More than 97 percent of the earths water is found in its oceans. The remainder is freshwater, two-thirds of which is frozen within the earths polar regions and mountain snowpacks. Its interesting to note that even though water covers the majority of the planets surface, water accounts for a mere 0.023 percent of the earths total mass.   The planets water doesnt exist in a static environment, it changes form as it moves through the hydrological cycle. It falls to the earth in the form of rain, seeps into underground aquifers, rises to the surface from springs or seeps from porous rock, and flows from small streams into larger rivers that empty into lakes, seas, and oceans, where some of it evaporates into the atmosphere to begin the cycle anew.   The Biosphere The biosphere is composed of all living organisms: plants, animals and one-celled organisms alike. Most of the planets terrestrial life is found in a zone that stretches from 3 meters below ground to 30 meters above it. In the oceans and seas, most aquatic life inhabits a zone that stretches from the surface to about 200 meters below. But some creatures can live far outside of these ranges: some birds are known to fly as high as 8 kilometers above the earth, while some fish have been found as deep as 8 kilometers beneath the ocean surface. Microorganisms are known to survive well beyond even these ranges. The biosphere is made up of biomes, which are areas where plants and animals of a similar nature can be found together. A desert, with its cactus, sand, and lizards, is one example of a biome. A coral reef is another. The Atmosphere The atmosphere is the body of gasses that surrounds our planet, held in place by earths gravity. Most of our atmosphere is located close to the earths surface where it is most dense. The air of our planet is 79 percent nitrogen and just under 21 percent oxygen; the small amount remaining is composed of argon, carbon dioxide, and other trace gasses. The atmosphere itself rises to about 10,000 km in height and is divided into four zones. The troposphere, where about three-quarters of all atmospheric mass can be found, stretches from about 6 km above the earths surface to 20 km. Beyond this lies the stratosphere, which rises to 50 km above the planet. Next comes the mesosphere, which extends to about 85 km above the earths surface. The thermosphere rises to about 690 km above the earth, then finally the exosphere. Beyond the exosphere lies outer space. Conclusion All four spheres can be and often are present in a single location. For example, a piece of soil will contain minerals from the lithosphere. Additionally, there will be elements of the hydrosphere present as moisture within the soil, the biosphere as insects and plants, and even the atmosphere as pockets of air between soil pieces. The complete system is what makes up life as we know it on Earth.

Information Technology Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Information Technology - Article Example I request you to provide me with a user account or extend my user account for using some portion of the administrative controls which are required for the usage of internet, configuration of IP address, connecting to internet and access to Microsoft outlook. In specific I need to have access of all the options in the control panel. So kindly assist me. I am responsible for conducting training on communication through email and computer for our employees. The training section does need extra user privilege than that of the normal user. I request you to provide me with a user account or extend my user account for using some portion of the administrative controls which are required for the usage of internet, configuration of IP address, connecting to internet and access to Microsoft outlook. In specific I need to have access of all the options in the control panel. So kindly assist me.

An investigation of either STRUCTURAL or TECHNOLOGICAL control and Essay

An investigation of either STRUCTURAL or TECHNOLOGICAL control and reactions to it in an organisation - Essay Example $170.9 billion and the net income was US $48.9 billion. Such financial returns could be achieved by the organization only with the help of an organized managerial structure. The human capital of the company is highly efficient and the latter constantly undertakes strategic business initiatives to enhance the skills of its workers. This paper will investigate ways through which the company manages its workforce and also, will discuss the impact of such management on the organization. In the contemporary world, the scope and scale of operations for nearly all organizations in the industry have turned out to be highly complex in nature. Since globalization, the prevalence of giant firms across different marketplaces has significantly increased (Stoica, 2010). It has been commented by analysts in the market that such high degree of internalization in business is feasible by firms, only with the assistance of a good managerial structure and technological development. This paper will concentrate on the managerial structure of the organization, Apple Inc., which is a giant multinational organization based in California. It engages in designing, developing and retailing of electronics, personal computers and computer software. Since its inception in 1976, the organization could achieve such high brand value among all its business stakeholders, only through efficient managerial expertise (Apple, 2013). Giant multinational companies possess a vast organizational structure for operating all its business branches across various nations. Figure 1 in the Appendix explains the general form of organizational structure that exists in every multinational company. However, there are five main types of structure: However, ethical issues in research were given high value by the researcher. All the personal information and data collected from each of the employees were, thus, highly confined and were not disclosed in public (Mukherji and Albon, 2009). The research

Seaports Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Seaports - Case Study Example Actually, the participation of private sector has already crept into some of the major ports in the world (Anon, 1996). The issue of privatization has gained more importance in the backdrop of globalization and liberalization moves sweeping across the world. However, the experience of the management of some ports like the Singapore port has clearly established that total privatization is not the panacea for the ills faced by several ports today. Systematic management of port operations with the public-private participation will go a long way in making them sustainable financially. There are three essential factors of a port which can be privatized; port land, port operations, and port regulations (Baird, 1999). The extent of privatization can differ within ports depending on which of these elements are transferred to private sector from public sector. We can get a wider concept from Table 1 shown below. In the private model I, port operations are transferred to private sector, and this type of arrangement is referred to as a 'landlord' port. When compared with private model I, private II model has two elements which are property and operations rights. Under the private III model, all three essential functions are controlled by private sector. At present, this kind of model is only accepted by ports in the UK, such as Liverpool, Manchester and Felixstowe. Table 1. Key Port Elements: Privatization Options Source: Baird A., 1999 International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH) did a survey of world's top-100 container ports to find out the organization type. Figure 1 presents ample statistics results which say that 71% of ports were managed by either public agencies or corporations, and 21% by Government departments. Only 7% of ports were private companies, and over two-thirds have a government shareholding varying from 60-100% (Baird, 2002). Figure 1. Port authority by organization type Source: IAPH, 2002 UK- Pioneer in Port privatisation Great Britain has pioneered port privatization showing the way for the rest of the world. Most countries have taken a cue from Great Britain's success in this direction. Until now, the UK is the only country which has totally privatized most of its major ports including the operational role of the port authority( ). The political leadership of the UK was very much practical in inviting private funding in port management. It always wanted to create favourable atmosphere to pave the way for private operators to jump in the fray. According to the House of Commons report, Port of London Authority strongly believed that private funding was the only alternative to refurbish the port industry and suitable and supporting atmosphere must be created to invite the private companies. It was very much worried that in the absence of a conductive atmosphere to private funding, investors might run away to some other countries ( ). The UK has obviously set a trend for other countries to follow. Most of the third world countries have also been looking for the British help in privatization of their ports ( ), such as India, Panama. Is the privatisation only solution Most of the third world countries plan to privatise their ports. But, is privatisation the only real solution Management of ports is very complex and involves several

Media Image of Asian Women Essay Example for Free

Media Image of Asian Women Essay The media is large platform that signifies or represents individual on a ranging scale of different perspective. The media largely influences personality through a formative role with a representative segment of a community’s view. The Asian women are a sample case with a unique representative within the media. Various forms of media including television, film and movies have a reflective effect on the Asian women. As such, the Asian women are accredited a distinctive feature within various cultures of the world. The resultant effect is propagating effect that creates a lasting effect to the world at large. The media image of Asian women presents such individuals as unsympathetic and character driven. The exemplary platforms displayed by the media on such women showcases a highly competitive group as compared to the other counterpart women of the world. This understanding of the Asian women is a built profile from highly ambitious women who are career driven. The few high ranking personality within industrial sectors is goal oriented with propounding results. An exemplary case study of the Asian women image portrayed by the media is the physicians (Chan, Karpovich, Zhang, 2011). These groups of women focus of logistics evaluation based on the eventual success. As such, the typical Asian woman is depicted of sound judgment and eventual delivery given unique working environments. Conclusion A social element of the Asian women portrayed in the media is sexual aspect and exotic objects. Asian women are an iconic group largely adored in various continents of the world. The media portrays the Asian woman as an intelligent group with high work ethics. The media also endorses the Asian woman as a professional group given the various working conditions. Reference Chan, F., Karpovich, A., Zhang, X. (2011). Genre in Asian film and television: New approaches. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Source document

Swan Lake Vs. Revelations Essay -- essays research papers

Alvin Ailey’s Revelations and Tchaikovsky’s Swan Lake are two different styles of dance from very different points in history. Revelations is a contemporary dance and Swan Lake is a classical dance. Each dance has certain points that have made it critically acclaimed. They both incorporate different styles of dance but they do share a few characteristics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The stage props and the lighting seemed to be different in each performance. Swan Lake had a backdrop of a lake. This was key for this dance. When the girls would turn back and forth from swans they would show a group of swans swim across the lake. This was very important for the audience to understand this very important transformation. The lighting in Swan Lake was a little bit brighter because it had more scenes where the entire stage needed to be illuminated. When the soloists were dancing they did not have a particular spotlight on them. Revelations had a very plain set. This seemed to put more of a focus on the dancers instead of the atmosphere on stage. The backdrop was just a dark cloth with no pattern or picture. The lighting covered the entire stage when many dancers were performing at the same time. When soloists performed, a spotlight was focused on them to draw all the attention to the dance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The choreography in Ailey’s dance was very interesting. The dancers used the floor much more than Swan Lake. Swan Lake’s dance movements seemed to be very apar...

Greek Mythology and Poseidon Essay

Poseidon Poseidon or Posidon (Greek: ) is one of the twelve Olympian deities of the pantheon in Greek mythology. His main domain is the ocean, and he is called the â€Å"God of the Sea†. Additionally, he is referred to as â€Å"Earth-Shaker† due to his role in causing earthquakes, and has been called the â€Å"tamer of horses†. The name of the sea-god Nethuns in Etruscan was adopted in Latin for Neptune in Roman mythology; both were sea gods analogous to Poseidon. Linear B tablets show that Poseidon was venerated at Pylos and Thebes in pre-Olympian Bronze Age Greece as a chief deity, but he was integrated into the Olympian gods as the brother of Zeus and Hades. There is a Homeric hymn to Poseidon, who was the protector of many Hellenic cities, although he lost the contest for Athens to Athena. Blasphemy! Injustice! Disrespect! These the disloyal Phaecians have committed against me And the laws of Olympus! Those sailors of my blessing have pampered Odysseus, My sworn enemy! Those fools are proof that ignorant men can’t be trusted. I have taken blows from the greatest foes, But being betrayed by allies is far worse, And it makes my blood boil, my temper flare! To my kingdom of the sea I have brought you gods, To demand consent to unleash my fury on those awful mariners. It is the only option, for if I do not, I will lose my respect, Fall from power, and into the ranks of mortal peasants! My past of conflict has taught me that men yield only to pain, And ignore reasoning! So abandon pity and forgiveness,  Let me attack that Phaecian cutter with might and fury! Or send me to waste away in Hades! I called this meeting of the gods today Because I stand here as the lone soul among us Able to clearly see this†¦ haughty, arrogant, vile king of Ithaca for who he really is. He blinded and mutilated my son! My son! The son of a god lay crippled, his wound still fresh, and blood still wet. And the brute dared mock him! Yet no punishments have been dealt. Even you, Pallas, the supposed goddess of wisdom Help a man so bold as to tease us! The rest of you are worse, refusing to take any side at all! You despicable lot! Cowards! Scum! Won’t you help me seek justice? Why must you betray me now when I need help the most? Your cowardice will not be forgotten, And I will not allow any of you to tip-toe around this situation. Can’t you see? He shows us no respect and never will. No one is above the law, And he must be punished for what he has done, Just as anyone else would be for such a crime. Mark my words, I will get my revenge, And he will pay for his arrogance.

Although It Is a Ghost Story, a Christmas Carol Is an Uplifting Tale Essay

Although it is a ghost story, A Christmas Carol is an uplifting tale. To what extent do you agree? A Christmas carol by Charles Dickens is a significant novella written in the Victorian era. The protagonist Ebenezer Scrooge is used to demonstrate the upper class society and their attitude towards the poor. Throughout this redemption story, Dickens combines a descriptions of hardships faced by the poor with a heart-felt sentimental celebration of the Christmas season. The novella contains a dramatic and comic element as well as a deep felt moral theme. The text promotes the values of Ebenezer Scrooge, delving into his past, present and supposed future as well as contrasting between the enriching and depressing story; specifically evaluating the authors message, the Cratchit family, Scrooges nature and alternatively the ghostly circumstances outlined in the parable. Dickens message and the spirits of Christmas is one that intends to inspire and uplift the reader. The author has carefully constructed Ebenezer Scrooge as a â€Å"covetous old sinner† to demonstrate the uplifting meaning of the novella. Although Scrooge is an extreme example of a miser perhaps Dickens is saying there is a little of Scrooge in all of us whether it is an unwillingness to share our money with the poor and disadvantaged or our time with people in need. This idea is represented when two portly gentleman visit Scrooge and he explains, â€Å"I help to support the establishments I have mentioned, they cost enough.† In this instance Dickens strives to promotes the idea that no matter how crooked, anyone can change through the learning of appropriate lessons to inspire the reader. The author manipulates the readers emotions by enriching the sympathy of the Cratchit family. The Cratchit family are the perfect example of the difficulties faced by the poor in Victorian England. As Scrooge is visited by the ghost of Christmas Present, â€Å"a jolly giant, glorious to see,† and the life of the Cratchits and Tiny Tims condition is revealed there is an almost instantaneous transformation in Scrooge. We see this when Scrooge pleads, â€Å"Tell me if Tiny Tim will live†¦ Say he will be spared!† We can see from this that Scrooge shows compassion and that Dickens is aiming to elevate the feelings toward Scrooge and the ghostly story. The author illustrates that Scrooge who is depicted as â€Å"hard and sharp as a flint† is a greedy miser whom is so old and coldhearted that nothing other than his profits will phase him. Dickens uses the scene when the ghost of Christmas past, â€Å"a child-like old man† uses flashbacks to show Scrooge of the memories he once made to show the nature of the much younger character. This is evident when Fan â€Å"a little girl much younger than Scrooge† had brought out the affection of her older brother as they planned â€Å"to be together all the Christmas long, and have the merriest time in all the world.† What is important about this example is not just that it shows the compassion Scrooge once felt but also that Scrooge is not truly crooked and horrible to the core establishing the uplifting and inspiring feeling to readers. The title of the novella, A Christmas Carol, is immediately recognized by the reader as hardly appropriate for the first stave. Stave one does not resemble the happy and cheerful world of Christmas trees and presents, but instead the reader is exposed to, what can only be described as, ‘ghost story’ features. Ghost stories are meant to be scary, typically the ghosts that appear in this genre bring nothing but evil, but in this particular parable the trio of ghosts aim to help Scrooge. This is why the opening sentence â€Å"Marley was dead, to begin with† is particularly strange. Even though it is a ghost story, the ghostly circumstances of the tale help to highlight the uplifting messages and examples in the story. Dickens message to readers, The Cratchit family and Scrooges nature are all vital in the fulfilling and uplifting story of A Christmas Carol. The heart felt theme and comic element are all used well in order to inspire and influence the readers emotions towards each character. Dickens has achieved this using gothic literature and the ghostly features of the story. Overall, the author has used the learning of appropriate lessons to inspire and uplift the reader. Why has the title A Christmas Carol been chosen to represent what seems to be a ghost story?